In this paper, a hybrid optimization method utilizing a pseudo-random algorithm and convex optimization is proposed to avoid grating lobe and achieve lower side lobe level (SLL) of a planar sparse array when the minimum inter-element distance is one wavelength. The pseudorandom algorithm is utilized to distribute the positions of elements. The convex algorithm is utilized to optimize the excitations of elements. The results show that a planar sparse array with no grating lobe and peak side lobe level (PSLL) of −17 dB can be obtained with a minimum inter-element distance of one wavelength, which indicates the effectiveness of the hybrid optimization method. In addition, beam steering can be achieved within an 80◦ field of view range.
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